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Greenwich
- London's Nautical Heritage Overlooking
the Queen's House and National Maritime Museum from
Greenwich Park. The
Cutty Sark, Royal
Observatory, Prime Meridian Clock and Greenwich
Time-Ball are also located in Greenwich.
| Greenwich
lies on the south bank of the Thames, approximately
five miles to the east of central London. Rich in
maritime history and with an outstanding
architectural heritage, Greenwich's more traditional
attractions include many buildings designed by
well-known English architects, including the Royal
Naval College, the National Maritime Museum and the
Old Royal Observatory situated in Greenwich Park,
built by Sir Christopher Wren for King Charles II.
At the Observatory, visitors can stand astride
longitude zero with one foot in the eastern and the
other in the western hemisphere. |

Approaching Greenwich
pier by pleasure boat on the river Thames. |
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Greenwich Park
Where
the Thames reflects the crowded sail, Commercial
care and busy toil prevail. Whose murky veil,
aspiring to the skies, Obscures thy beauty, and thy
form denies, Save where thy spires pierce thro the doubtful
air, As gleams of hope amidst a world of care.
The
above poem is an inscription on the painting
"London from Greenwich Park (1809)",
by J.M.W. Turner (1775-1851), hanging in the Tate
Gallery, London.
Greenwich
Park: King William Walk,
Greenwich. Open daily all year round from dawn to
dusk. London’s oldest Royal Park, was once the
hunting ground for King Henry VIII. Landscaped by
André le Notre, who designed the gardens of the
Palace of Versailles. The Old Royal Observatory is
also located in the park. HOW
TO GET THERE
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Major-General
James Wolfe (1727-1759)
In
Greenwich Park, next to the Observatory, is a
bronze statue of Wolfe by Robert Tait McKenzie
looking out over London. The statue was
erected in 1930 and bears the inscription
"This monument, a gift of the Canadian
people, was unveiled by the Marquis de
Montcalm". The statue was hit by a V1
bomb during the last war; the base still bears
the scars.
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| General
James Wolfe won a tremendous victory at the battle
of Quebec in 1759. His success allowed the British
Empire to seize Montreal and complete the conquest
of Canada. During the battle, General Wolfe
found himself outmatched by the French Commander's
superior numbers and desperately sought an advantage
over his adversary. He finally discovered a narrow
cove at the cliff base only 1.5 miles west of
Quebec. At nightfall on September 12, he led a line
of darkened boats into what would be forever called
Wolfe's cove. As the dawn broke over the cliffs, the
British army attacked with double loaded muskets,
completely decimating the French. Armed with only a
cane, Wolfe strolled along the ranks smiling and
joking with his men when he was stricken with a
fatal wound and perished on the field. |
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The
Royal Observatory
The
Royal Observatory was
founded on 22 June 1675 by King Charles II,
and was built specifically to do work which
would help to solve the problem of finding
longitude - one's exact position east and west
- while at sea and out of sight of land.
Charles II appointed John Flamsteed as his
first Astronomer Royal in March 1675. The
28-year old clergyman was instructed 'to apply
himself with the most exact care and diligence
to the rectifying the tables of the motions of
the heavens, and the places of the fixed
stars, so as to find out the so much-desired
longitude of places for the perfecting the art
of navigation.' Longitude was then impossible
to calculate at sea and Flamsteed began his
observations to solve the longitude problem
once and for all. |
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